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Monday, November 9, 2009

History of Music


Music was firstly discribed about 50,000 years ago. It was beileved that music was started form Africa and then it was spread all over the world. At first the emotions and ideas that music expresses, the situations in which music is played and listened to, and the attitudes toward music players and composers all vary between regions and periods. "Music history" is the distinct subfield of musicology and history which studies music (particularly western art music) from a chronological perspective.

Friday, October 9, 2009

Music history eras

Music history eras
The eras of music are as follows :
1.1) Prehistoric music
Prehistoric music, once more commonly called primitive music, is the name given to all music produced in preliterate cultures (prehistory), beginning somewhere in very late geological history. Traditional Native American and Australian Aboriginal music could be called prehistoric, but the term is commonly used to refer to the music in Europe before the development of writing there. It is more common to call the "prehistoric" music of non-European continents – especially that which still survives – folk, indigenous, or traditional music.

1.2) Ancient music
The prehistoric era is considered to have ended with the development of writing, and with it, by definition, prehistoric music. "Ancient music" is the name given to the music that followed. The "oldest known song" was written in cuneiform, dating to 4,000 years ago from Ur. It was deciphered by Prof. Anne Draffkorn Kilmer (University of Calif. at Berkeley), and was demonstrated to be composed in harmonies of thirds, like ancient gymel,[2] and also was written using a Pythagorean tuning of the diatonic scale.

Double pipes, such as those used by the ancient Greeks, and ancient bagpipes, as well as a review of ancient drawings on vases and walls, etc., and ancient writings (such as in Aristotle,Problems, Book XIX.12) which described musical techniques of the time, indicate polyphony. One pipe in the aulos pairs (double flutes) likely served as a drone or "keynote," while the other played melodic passages. Instruments, such as the seven holed flute and various types of stringed instruments have been recovered from the Indus valley civilization archaeological sites.[3]

Indian classical music (marga) can be found from the scriptures of the Hindu tradition, the Vedas.Samaveda, one of the four vedas, describes music at length. The history of musical development in Iran (Persian music) dates back to the prehistoric era. The great legendary king, Jamshid, is credited with the invention of music. Music in Iran can be traced back to the days of the Elamite Empire (2,500-644 B.C). Fragmentary documents from various periods of the country's history establish that the ancient Persians possessed an elaborate musical culture. The Sassanian period (A.D. 226-651), in particular, has left us ample evidence pointing to the existence of a lively musical life in Persia. The names of some important musicians such as Barbod, Nakissa and Ramtin, and titles of some of their works have survived.

The term Early music era may also refer to contemporary but traditional or folk music, includingAsian music, Persian music, music of India, Jewish music, Greek music, Roman music, the music of Mesopotamia, the music of Egypt, and Muslim music.


1.3) Early music

Early music is a general term used to describe music in the European classical tradition from after the fall of the Roman Empire, in 476 CE, until the end of the Baroque era in the middle of the 18th century. Music within this enormous span of time was extremely diverse, encompassing multiple cultural traditions within a wide geographic area; many of the cultural groups out of which medieval Europe developed already had musical traditions, about which little is known. What unified these cultures in the Middle Ages was the Roman Catholic Church, and its music served as the focal point for musical development for the first thousand years of this period. Very little non-Christian music from this period survived, due to its suppression by the Church and the absence of music notation; however, folk music of modern Europe probably has roots at least as far back as the Middle Ages.

Friday, August 14, 2009

Top 10 Worst Types of Music

Top 10 Worst Types of Music
With the broaching of pop music into art in the 20th century, it unfortunately burdened itself with it’s spatial nature. While this space would allow for some of the most classic genres of music (e.g. Motown, Britpop, Rock), it’s flexibility allowed it’s opposite and sometimes unequal reaction in genres of music that found it’s success within Pop’s flexibility, and not the core of artistic quality. In this list, we will highlight these music genres that have stained the great name of Pop music in the name of it’s own individuality, it’s own difference, without remembering the soul of Pop music. There will be an underlying hope throughout the list of a the recognition of the forgotten soul of Pop music.

10. Krautrock
Krautrock is a peculiar genre in the fact that it spawned great music that was not ashamed to admit that it was influenced by the Krautrock genre. The difference was, the modern musician sped up the trance that was supposed to happen in Krautrock, and created forms of trance, whether in the genre of house or rock in general. Going back to the “oldies but goodies” though, one has to endure a session of a Neu album, unless of course one wants to put on inconspicuous background music. If that’s the case, there’s much better played elevator music for this like Johnny Mandel and any lounge music in general. Just as long as it’s not Nickelback, it will serve as much better background music. But something about sounded interesting, so of course it had to be good. Interesting is relative, and so then Krautrock can be recognized as good while being the last thing anyone would listen to.

9. Modern R and B
Modern R and B has been the butt of many a comedian’s joke. The pseudo-suave beginning with the protagonist speaking in a soft urban voice either expressing his “infinite” love of the other, or repenting from his sin of cheating on her. It’s from here that cheese blasts into pure comedy with strings swirling up to ostensibly capture the moment of the lovers highest affection for the other…or his phallic-mania masquerading as “love”, a term as ungrounded and relatively used as “God” and “Presence”, even more so than the later because of the cultural acceptance of the idea as a grund (primoris res). Grounding of ungrounded ideas aside, the cheesiness of modern R and B is all pervading. It’s not just in the music, it’s in the videos too. Hulking men professing love. The dichotomy between physical strength and spiritual Eros? In the West? No, this isn’t Greek antiquity. One is a mask for the other. Which one you ask? Last I heard the world population is growing exponentially.

8. Modern Blues
Traditional blues, the blues of Robert Johnson and Chuck Berry are undoubtedly the precursor to any form of pop music in general and should be privileged for because of it. That musicians can continue playing what was played 70 years ago however is not strange to a culture whose fever for archiving anything that at one point was considered “good” is obsessive. The absolute bore of listening to blues now after this many years is overbearing. That musicians who play the style are not bored by it must find their motivations for playing the style in other grounds other than enjoying what they’re playing. Pleasing an elderly audience? Pleasing a younger crowd who parasitically followed an elderly audience? Pleasing a dingy bar with people who like this style? Something is going on with “Pleasing”, but it doesn’t have anything to do with music.

7. Punk
Punk music was always on it’s way with the flexibility of pop music starting from the 50’s. It was only a matter of time that a group wouldn’t like it’s surrounding context because it appeared to a majority as “successful”. Instead of personally doing away with the concept of success, and more importantly with what was considered as success, punk music found it’s grounding in not expressing it’s own psychological neuroses, much for the sake of finding it’s own success, because it couldn’t find it in it’s own context. Now, this attitude is understandable at it’s inception. For the reason of novelty alone qualifies the act of punk, but that the genre so parasitically attached itself to anyone picking up an instrument is the problem of the style. For anyone, any child, looking for an identity now, they can find it in a context they don’t currently occupy and chances are, never will. Much like emo, without an appropriate subject for the musician, there’s an imaginary subject made up to exert one’s energy towards. This making up of a subject to “rise against”, to always oppose itself too, sounds as flat as the notes being played in the genre.

6. Pop Metal
When you look on you tube under the term “Speed Metal” and “Grindcore” you find clips of adroit fans incessantly attacking what is perceived as fake Speed Metal and Grindcore. Not coming from a Metal background, I can’t tell the difference but one thing came over my mind when listening to the music being compared, but what I do know is that these people have probably have so much disdain for pop metal that they don’t even consider it music. While I would probably have different reasons for disliking Pop metal than a Grindcore purist, the singular complaint would probably be analogous. It’s soft shit that tries to sound hard. It doesn’t matter how big a bassist’s biceps are, if he’s still playing soft music, he’s soft. The feigning for grittiness in bands like “Dead by April” and “A Day To Remember” is obvious. No amount of tattoos can save either band from sounding like Ben Stiller in Dodgeball.

5. Mainstream Country

Modern Country is at least noticeable when it comes on the radio. It only take less than a half a second to switch the channel because the sound of this emetic genre is so unpleasant. It’s ultra polished, if not the most polished sound on modern radio, even more so than modern Hip Hop and R and B. The goofy southern accent singer talks about what he usually talks about. The ideas are too obvious to point out without feeling guilty of stating something so obvious. Mainstream Country is the money train, where people go to relax and gain a sense of “home-goingness”, whatever that means…being at home, not moving, doing what your neighbor does, getting in a fight with your neighbor for a slight oscillation in personality that is perceived. This music doesn’t move and doesn’t want to move. It sits as comfortably as a patient with dementia in a retirement home.

4. Hip Hop
While Hip Hop’s roots were the grounds for some hypnotic grooves unheard of until its point, it was it’s aging form that became grossly overused. No longer were good beats a matter for the modern Hip Hop musician, but was simply the objectification of sexual intercourse in every possible way; as if sex had not already lost it’s ostensible taboo in the 80’s with Madonna and other “express yourself” artists. Of course maybe this was the “true” lifestyle of the hip hop musician. Coming from the context of the Ghetto gives one the authority to do whatever they want, because after all they come from shit, so we must sympathize with this shittyness by simply being empathetic, meaning not having the right to see modern Hip Hop as absolutely unsubstantial and lacking in an power subtle enough to win for itself a legacy of class. Bring on the leveling of culture through political correctness. Hip Hop must deserve its privileged place as the thin line between money and caveman.

3. The Nickelback Genre or Mainstream FM “rock”
The Nickelback genre of music is so obviously a bad genre that even those who say they like itknow it’s really bad. If it’s randomly playing on FM radio in the backyard of raised ranch backyard BBQ, people will hear it in the background and not say anything about it. Only some will ever say they like the song, and will be convinced otherwise in a matter of seconds if they so easily can be grabbed by something so vacuous. No one could even admit to liking the song on the grounds of a guilty pleasure. It’s neither a pleasure nor a guilty pleasure to listen to, but a guiltless bad pleasure. You’re just listening to a very definite idea of “bad” when listening to Nickelback and every band that sounds like them. Unfortunately for a linguistics that would like to transcend the binary opposition of bad/good, it has to face the patent obviousness of bad in the Nickelback genre. It’s powerfully bad.

2. Emo
When the luxury of a culture reaches it’s apex, the energy not being used by those who are unconsciously enjoying the luxury is often displaced into disingenuous forms. In the case of Emo, this inappropriateness comes from an effusive (more accurately termed ‘mawkish’) reaction to one’s opulent surroundings. This space for effusion is without an object. The searching for an energetic object in this empty space creates a form of music that is strictly maudlin in character. It’s maudlin for the sake of being maudlin. Within an empty space, the effusion for any object in general to ruminate over creates unsubstantial objects for the sake of subjective yearning. Romeo and Juliet, by prose and by time, lived within a context; this context was appropriate for their excessive yearning, the context of the late 20th century however was never appropriate for the type of yearning known in Emo. No one seemed to tell the self-identifying “Emo fan” that “it’s called life”.

1. Indie
The worst thing to happen to the elegance and taste of Pop music was Indie music. The nauseating compulsion for every band to label themselves as “Indie” now is not difficult to understand. The underlying premise of Indie music was unchecked creativity for the sake of itself. The interest that one could muster into these bands would have to take thousands upon thousands of listens to “understand”; another premise of the style (that it was always and already in need of having to be understood). Unchecked creativity is not guilty for some anachronistic, obscurely Christian idea of emptiness, but guilty of never having to think that creativity is in need of being checked. The amount of bands that stemmed from the idea of “Indie” music was enormous just for this reason; because anyone could pick up any instrument, make any noise they wanted and it would be deemed as “good”, because anything that’s expressed is automatically “good”. You no longer had to be a musician, no longer had to write good songs, no longer had to do anything other than to strike a note on any instrument to be privileged as “innovative”; that bastardized term that has undermined the soul of inherent quality.

Types of morden music

Music is food for the soul – a panacea for the mind. Music can help in improving memory. Kids can rattle off the entire alphabet range in song but are unable to remember the orders sans the tune. This happens because music functions are controlled in a different section of the brain than speech. Music continues to touch hearts the world over, irrespective of color and race.
1)Rock Music
Rock music saw its origins in the rock ‘n’ roll era of the fifties. Rock music was initially seen as dance music and gradually began to dominate the music scene for a long time to come. Rock music survived the various stages of recording technology from 78 –rpm to tape format to cassette and the mini disc. Rock music has been primarily popular with the teenage audience. A rock music disc is still a collector’s item even today.

2)Metal Music
Metal music emerged post World War II. Metal music was described as music that arises from the dissatisfied. Metal music is heavily influenced by the structure of the songs. While in rock music, songwriting is based within a form; in metal music the central melody decides the structure of the song. A scientist has described metal music as ‘information music’.

3)Rap Music
Rap music is a creation of an American minority. It was widely believed the rap music, as a fad will not see the test of time…. But it has already been around for nearly 20 years. Rap music can be traced to the West African professional singers and storytellers. Rap music was an offshoot of the Hip Hop culture – characterized by graffiti and break dancing. Rap music has been influenced considerably by Jamaican music. The Bronx in New York City was the originating hub of rap music.

4)Wedding Music
If you are seeking wedding music to plan for your special day, you can choose from a variety of options. You can hire a DJ to liven up the mood on the dance floor with suitable wedding music. Wedding music can be classical and traditional. Some would prefer country melodies for wedding music. Wedding music can also vary from culture to culture. Dance music at a wedding can range from classical ballroom style to pop music to even the Brazilian Salsa.

Popular Music History


Popular Music History publishes original historical and historiographical research that draws on the wide range of disciplines and intellectual trajectories that have contributed to the establishment of popular music studies as a recognized academic enterprise.

Articles that challenge established orthodoxies in popular music studies, examine the formation and dissolution of canons, interrogate histories of genres, focus on forms of popular music that have existed below the "historical radar," and engage in archaeologies of popular music history, are particularly welcome.

The philosophy of Popular Music History is to encourage research that is empirically grounded. However, the journal's historical orientation is not intended to be exclusive. Articles that concentrate on historical and historiographical issues that draw on music analysis, incorporate cultural theory, or engage in the ‘history of the present’, are also appropriate.

In addition to the reviews section, a distinctive feature of Popular Music History is its section on Resources. Resources re-publishes articles of historical importance that have become difficult to find or unjustifiably obscure, report on archives, museums and scholarly collections of particular importance to writing popular music history, and serve as a forum for the discussion of issues of special interest to popular music histories.

Monday, August 10, 2009

The Baroque Age


Named after the popular ornate architectural style of the time, the Baroque period (ca.1600 to 1750) saw composers beginning to rebel against the styles that were prevalent during the High Renaissance. This was a time when the many monarchies of Europe vied in outdoing each other in pride, pomp and pageantry. Many monarchs employed composers at their courts, where they were little more than servants expected to churn out music for any desired occasions. The greatest composer of the period, Johann Sebastian Bach, was such a servant. Yet the best composers of the time were able to break new musical ground, and in so doing succeeded in creating an entirely new style of music. It was during the early part of the seventeenth century that the genre of opera was first created by a group of composers in Florence, Italy, and the earliest operatic masterpieces were composed by Claudio Monteverdi. The instrumental concerto became a staple of the Baroque era, and found its strongest exponent in the works of the Venetian composer Antonio Vivaldi. Harpsichord music achieved new heights, due to the works of such masters as Domenico Scarlatti and others. Dances became formalized into instrumental suites and were composed by virtually all composers of the era. But vocal and choral music still reigned supreme during this age, and culminated in the operas and oratorios of German-born composer George Frideric Handel.

The Renaissance


Generally considered to be from ca.1420 to 1600, the Renaissance (which literally means "rebirth") was a time of great cultural awakening and a flowering of the arts, letters, and sciences throughout Europe. With the rise of humanism, sacred music began for the first time to break free of the confines of the Church, and a school of composers trained in the Netherlands mastered the art of polyphony in their settings of sacred music. One of the early masters of the Flemish style was Josquin des Prez. These polyphonic traditions reached their culmination in the unsurpassed works of Giovanni da Palestrina.
Of course, secular music thrived during this period, and instrumental and dance music was performed in abundance, if not always written down. It was left for others to collect and notate the wide variety of irrepressible instrumental music of the period. The late Renaissance also saw in England the flourishing of the English madrigal, the best known of which were composed by such masters as John Dowland, William Byrd, Thomas Morley and others.